The main function of alternating current (AC) is to provide a flow of electric power that can be easily transmitted over long distances. AC changes direction periodically, which makes it more efficient for power distribution compared to direct current (DC).
Here are the key functions of AC:
1. **Power Transmission**: AC is used for transmitting electrical power over long distances because it can be easily stepped up to high voltages (which reduces energy loss) and stepped down to lower voltages for safe use in homes and industries.
2. **Versatility**: AC can be used to power a wide range of devices and machinery, from household appliances to industrial equipment. It's the form of electricity supplied to homes, businesses, and factories.
3. **Generation and Distribution**: AC is generated in power plants and is then distributed to homes and industries. Since it's easier to generate and transform AC using generators and transformers, it has become the standard for electric power systems.
4. **Cost-Effective**: AC is generally more cost-effective for large-scale power generation and distribution due to the ease of transforming voltage levels.
In simple terms, AC powers most of the devices we use in daily life and is the preferred method for efficiently delivering electrical energy over long distances.