SCADA, which stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, is a system used for controlling and monitoring industrial processes, infrastructure, and facility-based operations. Ownership of SCADA systems can vary depending on the context:
1. **System Vendors**: Companies that design, develop, and sell SCADA software and hardware systems. Major vendors in this space include:
- **Schneider Electric**: Known for its Wonderware and EcoStruxure SCADA solutions.
- **Siemens**: Offers SCADA systems under the WinCC brand.
- **Honeywell**: Provides SCADA solutions as part of its Process Solutions portfolio.
- **Rockwell Automation**: Known for its FactoryTalk SCADA systems.
- **General Electric (GE)**: Offers SCADA through its iFIX and Proficy brands.
2. **End Users**: Organizations that implement and use SCADA systems to manage their operations. These can include:
- **Utility Companies**: Power, water, and gas companies often use SCADA systems to manage distribution and monitor infrastructure.
- **Manufacturing Plants**: Factories use SCADA systems to oversee production lines and machinery.
- **Transportation Agencies**: SCADA is used in systems controlling traffic lights, rail networks, and public transit.
- **Building Management**: Large buildings or campuses might use SCADA systems for managing HVAC, lighting, and security systems.
3. **Integrators and Consultants**: Companies or individuals who specialize in configuring, integrating, and customizing SCADA systems for specific needs. They may work with both vendors and end users to implement and optimize SCADA solutions.
4. **Proprietary Ownership**: SCADA systems are often proprietary, meaning the technology and source code are owned by the vendors. End users typically license the software and hardware rather than owning the intellectual property.
In summary, while the technology and intellectual property behind SCADA systems are owned by the vendors who develop them, the operational use of SCADA systems is owned by the end users who implement them for their specific needs.