High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission lines are an essential part of modern power grids, particularly for transmitting large amounts of electricity over long distances with minimal losses. In India, HVDC technology has been deployed for several key transmission routes to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the power system. Here are four notable HVDC transmission line routes in India, along with their voltage levels:
1. **±800 kV, 6000 MW, Udhampur–Srinagar–Kargil–Leh HVDC Line:**
- **Route:** This HVDC line extends from Udhampur in Jammu and Kashmir to Leh in Ladakh.
- **Voltage Level:** ±800 kV.
- **Purpose:** This project is designed to transmit power from the northern grid to the remote and strategically important region of Ladakh. It addresses the challenge of connecting the region to the national grid, which is crucial for both economic development and security.
2. **±800 kV, 6000 MW, Champa–Kurukshetra HVDC Line:**
- **Route:** This line runs from Champa in Chhattisgarh to Kurukshetra in Haryana.
- **Voltage Level:** ±800 kV.
- **Purpose:** The Champa–Kurukshetra HVDC line is one of the longest and highest capacity HVDC lines in the world. It helps in transferring power from the eastern part of India, which has abundant generation capacity, to the northern grid where the demand is high.
3. **±500 kV, 2000 MW, Raigarh–Pugalur HVDC Line:**
- **Route:** This line extends from Raigarh in Chhattisgarh to Pugalur in Tamil Nadu.
- **Voltage Level:** ±500 kV.
- **Purpose:** This HVDC link connects the eastern region of India with the southern region, facilitating the transfer of surplus power from coal-rich areas to regions with high demand and limited generation capacity.
4. **±400 kV, 1000 MW, Bina–Sagar HVDC Line:**
- **Route:** This HVDC line runs from Bina in Madhya Pradesh to Sagar, also in Madhya Pradesh.
- **Voltage Level:** ±400 kV.
- **Purpose:** This line is designed to enhance the transmission capacity and stability within the central region of India. It supports power transfer between generation hubs and load centers, improving grid reliability and performance.
These HVDC transmission lines are part of India's strategy to improve power transmission efficiency, reduce losses, and integrate renewable energy sources into the grid. They play a critical role in balancing power supply and demand across vast geographical distances and diverse regional grids.