Question

Draw the schematic arrangement for a gas power plant.

Answer 1

Certainly! Here's a basic schematic arrangement for a gas power plant, highlighting the main components and their interactions. I'll describe each component and its role in the system:

### Gas Power Plant Schematic

1. **Gas Turbine**:
   - **Function**: Burns natural gas to produce high-temperature, high-pressure gases that drive the turbine blades.
   - **Components**: Compressor, Combustion Chamber, Turbine.

2. **Compressor**:
   - **Function**: Compresses incoming air to high pressure before it enters the combustion chamber.
   - **Location**: Typically located at the front of the gas turbine.

3. **Combustion Chamber**:
   - **Function**: Burns the natural gas and mixes it with the compressed air to produce hot gases.
   - **Location**: Positioned between the compressor and the turbine.

4. **Turbine**:
   - **Function**: Extracts energy from the high-pressure gases to drive the generator.
   - **Location**: Located after the combustion chamber.

5. **Generator**:
   - **Function**: Converts mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy.
   - **Location**: Coupled directly with the turbine.

6. **Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)** (optional):
   - **Function**: Captures exhaust heat from the gas turbine to produce steam.
   - **Location**: Positioned after the gas turbine; used in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plants.

7. **Steam Turbine** (optional):
   - **Function**: Driven by steam from the HRSG to generate additional electricity.
   - **Location**: Coupled with the HRSG in a combined cycle plant.

8. **Cooling System**:
   - **Function**: Removes excess heat from the exhaust gases or steam.
   - **Components**: Cooling Towers or Heat Exchangers.

9. **Electrical Transformer**:
   - **Function**: Steps up the voltage of the generated electrical power for transmission over long distances.
   - **Location**: Connected to the output of the generator.

10. **Control System**:
    - **Function**: Monitors and controls the operation of the entire power plant.
    - **Location**: Centralized control room.

### Schematic Diagram

Here's a simplified diagram to visualize the arrangement:

```
            +------------+
            |  Gas Turbine|
            |            |
            |  +-----+   |
            |  |     |   |
            |  |Comp-|   |
            |  |ressor|  |
            |  +-----+   |
            |    |       |
            |  +-----+   |
            |  |     |   |
            |  |Comb-|   |
            |  |ustion|  |
            |  |Chamber|  |
            |  +-----+   |
            |    |       |
            |  +-----+   |
            |  |     |   |
            |  |Tur-|   |
            |  |bine|   |
            |  +-----+   |
            |    |       |
            |    +----+  |
            |    |Gen-|  |
            |    |erator| |
            +----+----+--+
                 |
           +-----+-----+
           |  Transformer |
           +-----+-----+
                 |
           +-----+-----+
           |  Cooling   |
           |  System    |
           +-----+-----+
                 |
           +-----+-----+
           | Control    |
           | System     |
           +-----------+
```

### Key Points

- **Gas Turbine**: The heart of the system, where gas combustion occurs.
- **Generator**: Converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
- **HRSG and Steam Turbine**: Only in combined cycle plants to improve efficiency.
- **Cooling System**: Necessary to handle the heat generated.

In practice, the schematic might be more complex with additional components like fuel handling systems, emissions control, and safety features, but this provides a basic overview of the gas power plant arrangement.

Answer 2

Here is a detailed description of the schematic arrangement for a gas power plant, typically referred to as a gas turbine power plant. This layout represents the general flow of components and processes in the plant.

### 1. **Air Intake System**
   - **Air Filter**: Ambient air is drawn into the plant through an air filter, which removes dust and other particulates.
   - **Compressor**: The filtered air is then compressed by a compressor, increasing its pressure and temperature.

### 2. **Combustion Chamber**
   - **Fuel Injection System**: Compressed air is mixed with fuel (natural gas or other suitable fuels) in the combustion chamber.
   - **Combustion**: The mixture is ignited, resulting in a high-temperature, high-pressure gas. The combustion process produces hot combustion gases.

### 3. **Gas Turbine**
   - **Turbine**: The high-energy combustion gases are directed onto the turbine blades, causing the turbine to rotate. This mechanical energy is used to drive the compressor and generator.

### 4. **Generator**
   - **Electric Generator**: The rotating turbine shaft is connected to an electric generator. The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by the generator, which is then sent to the power grid.

### 5. **Exhaust System**
   - **Exhaust Gases**: After passing through the turbine, the lower-energy exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere through an exhaust stack. These gases can be utilized for additional purposes (like heating water in a combined-cycle plant).

### 6. **Optional Components**
   - **Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)**: In combined-cycle plants, exhaust gases are passed through a HRSG to produce steam, which drives a steam turbine for additional power generation.
   - **Cooling System**: Some plants include a cooling system to manage excess heat from the process.

### Schematic Diagram
While I cannot physically draw the diagram here, below is a description of how it should be laid out:

1. **Air Intake (left side)**: Draw an arrow pointing to the right indicating the flow of air into the system.
2. **Compressor**: Next, draw the compressor as a rectangular box with the air intake arrow entering it.
3. **Combustion Chamber**: After the compressor, draw a box labeled "Combustion Chamber" where the fuel is added.
4. **Turbine**: Connect the combustion chamber to the turbine, depicted as a circular or fan-like symbol.
5. **Generator**: Attach the turbine to the generator (a simple circle or box with the letter "G" inside).
6. **Exhaust System**: Finally, draw an arrow leading away from the turbine, labeled "Exhaust."

If you can visualize this or translate it into a drawing, it will give you a clear schematic of a gas power plant.