The speed of a synchronous motor is determined by the frequency of the electrical supply and the number of poles in the motor. The formula to calculate the synchronous speed (in RPM) is:
\[
\text{Synchronous Speed (RPM)} = \frac{120 \times \text{Frequency (Hz)}}{\text{Number of Poles}}
\]
For example, if the motor is connected to a 60 Hz supply and has 4 poles, the synchronous speed would be:
\[
\text{Synchronous Speed} = \frac{120 \times 60}{4} = 1800 \, \text{RPM}
\]
Synchronous motors operate at this speed under steady-state conditions. They do not have slip, meaning they run at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field produced by the supply current.