Demodulation is the process of extracting the original information (like voice, video, or data) from a modulated signal. When a signal is transmitted over long distances (like through radio waves or satellite links), it's usually modulated to make it suitable for transmission. Modulation involves changing a carrier wave (usually a high-frequency signal) to carry the information.
Demodulation is the opposite: it involves reversing the modulation process to retrieve the original signal that was transmitted. For example, in radio communication, a radio station will modulate a signal with sound (like music or speech) onto a carrier wave. When you tune your radio to that frequency, the radio receiver demodulates the signal to extract the sound and play it through the speakers.
In simpler terms, demodulation is like "decoding" the information from a carrier signal.