1 Answer
The **turns ratio** in a transformer is the ratio of the number of turns of wire in the primary coil (input side) to the number of turns in the secondary coil (output side). It's a key factor in determining how the transformer changes voltage and current from one side to the other.
Mathematically, itβs expressed as:
\[
\text{Turns Ratio} = \frac{N_p}{N_s}
\]
Where:
- \( N_p \) is the number of turns in the primary coil.
- \( N_s \) is the number of turns in the secondary coil.
The turns ratio affects the **voltage** and **current** transformation. For example:
- If the turns ratio is greater than 1 (\( N_p > N_s \)), the transformer will **step down** the voltage and **step up** the current.
- If the turns ratio is less than 1 (\( N_p < N_s \)), it will **step up** the voltage and **step down** the current.
This relationship follows from **Faraday's Law of Induction**. So, if you know the turns ratio, you can calculate the voltage and current on the secondary side using the following formulas:
\[
\frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{I_p}{I_s} = \frac{N_s}{N_p}
\]
Where:
- \( V_p \) and \( V_s \) are the primary and secondary voltages.
- \( I_p \) and \( I_s \) are the primary and secondary currents.
In simple terms: The number of turns on the primary coil compared to the secondary coil determines whether the transformer increases or decreases the voltage (and inversely, the current).
Mathematically, itβs expressed as:
\[
\text{Turns Ratio} = \frac{N_p}{N_s}
\]
Where:
- \( N_p \) is the number of turns in the primary coil.
- \( N_s \) is the number of turns in the secondary coil.
The turns ratio affects the **voltage** and **current** transformation. For example:
- If the turns ratio is greater than 1 (\( N_p > N_s \)), the transformer will **step down** the voltage and **step up** the current.
- If the turns ratio is less than 1 (\( N_p < N_s \)), it will **step up** the voltage and **step down** the current.
This relationship follows from **Faraday's Law of Induction**. So, if you know the turns ratio, you can calculate the voltage and current on the secondary side using the following formulas:
\[
\frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{I_p}{I_s} = \frac{N_s}{N_p}
\]
Where:
- \( V_p \) and \( V_s \) are the primary and secondary voltages.
- \( I_p \) and \( I_s \) are the primary and secondary currents.
In simple terms: The number of turns on the primary coil compared to the secondary coil determines whether the transformer increases or decreases the voltage (and inversely, the current).