It's called **optical fiber** because it uses **light** to transmit data. "Optical" refers to anything related to light, and "fiber" refers to the thin, flexible strands of material, which in this case are usually made of glass or plastic.
In optical fibers, light signals are sent through the fiber strands by a process called **total internal reflection**. This allows the light to travel long distances with minimal loss of signal, making it ideal for high-speed internet, phone lines, and other communication systems. So, "optical" refers to the use of light, and "fiber" refers to the small, thread-like structure that carries that light.