Voltage regulation of a transmission line refers to the measure of how much the voltage at the receiving end of the transmission line changes compared to the voltage at the sending end when the load on the line varies. It is a key parameter in evaluating the performance of a transmission line.
Mathematically, voltage regulation can be expressed as:
\[ \text{Voltage Regulation (\%)} = \frac{V_{\text{no-load}} - V_{\text{full-load}}}{V_{\text{full-load}}} \times 100 \]
where:
- \( V_{\text{no-load}} \) is the voltage at the receiving end when the load is absent (or minimal),
- \( V_{\text{full-load}} \) is the voltage at the receiving end when the load is at its maximum.
Good voltage regulation means that the voltage at the receiving end remains relatively stable despite variations in load, ensuring consistent power delivery and reducing potential issues with equipment performance at the load end.