Self-inductance is simply called
inductance. It refers to the property of a coil (or any conductor) that causes it to resist changes in current. When current flows through a coil, it creates a magnetic field. If the current changes, the magnetic field also changes, which induces an opposing voltage in the coil. This opposition to changes in current is what we call self-inductance.
The symbol for self-inductance is usually
L, and its unit is
Henry (H).
In short, self-inductance is a measure of how much a coil resists changes in the current flowing through it.