The "Right Hand Thumb Rule" is commonly used to determine the direction of magnetic fields around a current-carrying conductor or the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.
It doesn't have a single person directly credited as its "father" in the same way some other scientific principles do. However, the rule is associated with the work of
James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist. Maxwell formulated the equations (Maxwell's equations) that describe the relationship between electricity and magnetism. His equations are the foundation for understanding electromagnetism, and the Right Hand Thumb Rule is a way to visually interpret some of those concepts.
While the rule itself is widely attributed to practical demonstrations of electromagnetic principles, Maxwell’s work gave rise to the framework where this kind of rule becomes meaningful. So, while Maxwell didn’t create the rule, his contributions are fundamental to its understanding.