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A snubber capacitor is used to protect electronic components from voltage spikes, especially in circuits with inductive loads like motors, relays, or transformers.
When an inductive load is suddenly switched off, the collapsing magnetic field can cause a high-voltage spike (known as "inductive kickback") across the switch (like a transistor or relay). This spike can damage the switch and other sensitive components in the circuit.
Function of the Snubber Capacitor:
In short, a snubber capacitor acts like a protective shield, preventing damage to components and improving the longevity and reliability of the circuit.
When an inductive load is suddenly switched off, the collapsing magnetic field can cause a high-voltage spike (known as "inductive kickback") across the switch (like a transistor or relay). This spike can damage the switch and other sensitive components in the circuit.
Function of the Snubber Capacitor:
- Absorb the Voltage Spike: The snubber capacitor is connected across the switch or load to absorb this spike. It helps to smooth out the sudden rise in voltage by temporarily storing the energy.
- Dissipate Energy: It limits the rate of voltage change (dV/dt), reducing the stress on the switch and preventing it from failing due to high voltage.
- Suppress High-Frequency Noise: Snubber capacitors can also filter out high-frequency oscillations or noise that might occur in circuits with fast switching.
In short, a snubber capacitor acts like a protective shield, preventing damage to components and improving the longevity and reliability of the circuit.