The father of dualism is
René Descartes, a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. He is most famous for his work in the philosophy of mind, where he proposed that the mind and body are two distinct substances. This idea is known as
Cartesian dualism. According to Descartes, the mind is non-material and thinking, while the body is material and extends in space. This distinction between the mental and physical realms has been a significant influence on philosophy and psychology.