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Arduino was invented by Massimo Banzi and David Cuartielles in 2005. They created it as an open-source electronics platform to help students and hobbyists build interactive projects easily. The goal was to make electronics more accessible by providing an easy-to-use microcontroller board and software. The project began in Ivrea, Italy, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea, where both Banzi and Cuartielles were working at the time.