The minimum discharge voltage for a lead-acid battery is typically around
1.75 volts per cell. Since a standard lead-acid battery consists of 6 cells, the minimum voltage for a 12V lead-acid battery would be:
\[
1.75 \, \text{V/cell} \times 6 \, \text{cells} = 10.5 \, \text{V}
\]
Discharging a lead-acid battery below this voltage can damage the battery, reduce its lifespan, and lead to irreversible capacity loss. It's generally recommended to avoid discharging a lead-acid battery below 10.5V to maintain its health.