A 12V lead-acid battery is fully charged when its voltage reaches around
12.6 to 12.8 volts.
When it's charging, the voltage can go up to about
14.4 to 14.8 volts (depending on the charging method) to fully charge the battery. However, once the battery is disconnected from the charger, the voltage should drop back to around 12.6-12.8V for a fully charged state.
If the voltage drops below
11.8V, it typically means the battery is undercharged, and if it drops much below
10.5V, the battery is considered discharged or damaged.