A lead-acid battery has three main parts:
- Positive Plate: This is made of lead dioxide (PbO2) and stores the electrical energy during charging.
- Negative Plate: Made of spongy lead (Pb), it also stores energy but in a different chemical form during charging.
- Electrolyte: This is a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and water. It allows the movement of ions between the positive and negative plates, enabling the chemical reactions needed for charging and discharging.
These parts work together to store and release energy as the battery goes through chemical reactions.