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In metrology, what is the fundamental difference between accuracy and precision, and why is it possible—and often dangerous—for a measurement to be highly precise but not accurate? Answer : The fundamental difference is that **accuracy** describes the closeness of a measurement to the true value, while **precision** describes the closeness of repeated measurements to each ... . Understanding that a measurement can be consistently wrong is a foundational principle of metrology....
Wye Delta Transformations | Electrical Engineering
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What is the difference between analog and digital instruments in electrical measurement? Answer : Analog instruments use a continuously moving pointer or needle to represent the measured quantity. Example: moving-coil ammeter, analog voltmeter. They are simple and give a visual trend but have lower ... and can store or process data, but they may be costlier and require power supply/electronics....
Practical importance of power factor | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between stress and strain in a mechanical component?
Thevenin's theorem Solved Example | Electric Circuits | Network Analysis | Network Theory
What is the difference between isometric and orthographic projections in technical drawing?
Austin transformer | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between fixed costs and variable costs in an engineering project?
Nodal Analysis in Time Domain | Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis | Electrical Engineering
From a fundamental engineering mechanics perspective, what is the primary difference between a beam and a shaft, given that both are often long, slender components used in structural and mechanical systems? Answer : The primary difference lies in the **type of load they are designed to resist** and, consequently, the **purpose they serve**. A **beam** is designed to resist **bending loads**, while a ... it supports. In such cases, engineers must analyze the **combined stresses** from both bending and torsion....
RC series circuit | Find the power in RC circuit | Single Phase AC Series Circuit
In the context of green building and energy conservation, what is the fundamental difference between R-Value and U-Value, and why is one typically used for individual materials like insulation, while the other is used for complex assemblies like windows? Answer : The fundamental difference is that they are mathematical reciprocals of each other, measuring opposite things: **R-Value measures resistance to heat flow**, while **U-Value measures the rate ... envelope that conserves energy by keeping heat inside during the winter and outside during the summer....
#electricalandelectronicengineering #electricalengineering #electrical | Electrical Engineering
What is the fundamental difference in the physical mechanism and material structure between a Light Emitting Diode (LED) and a Laser Diode, given that both are semiconductor p-n junction devices that convert electricity into light? Answer : The difference lies in the nature of the photon emission process they utilize and the physical structure required to support that process. An LED relies on **Spontaneous Emission** to produce incoherent light, ... data | Fiber optics, barcode scanners, laser pointers, Blu-ray/DVD players |...
Basic electrical and electronics engineering MCQs | Electrical Engineering
What is the main difference between a rectifier and an inverter in power electronics? Answer : A rectifier converts AC (Alternating Current) → DC (Direct Current). It is used in power supplies, battery charging, and DC motor drives. Example: diode bridge rectifier. An inverter converts DC ... , wind), UPS systems, and variable-frequency drives. Example: PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) inverter....
Electrical Engineering | Electrical Machine | Transformer | MCQ 1 | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between a diode and a transistor in electronics? Answer : A diode is a two-terminal device that allows current to flow in only one direction. It is mainly used for rectification (converting AC to DC), voltage regulation, and protection ... input current/voltage, making it essential in signal amplification, digital logic circuits, and power control....
Nodal Analysis with Supernode | Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between a radial and a ring main electrical distribution system?
Linear Circuit | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between an open-loop and a closed-loop control system?
Mesh Analysis Example with Solution | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between an analog signal and a digital signal?
Phasor representation of an alternating quantity | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller?
Hindi : Norton's Theorem Example | Electric Circuits | Network Analysis | Network Theory
What is the difference between a diode and a transistor?
2000 the rank of matrix is | Electrical Engineering
What is the fundamental difference between Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide and Criteria Air Pollutants like sulfur dioxide, and why do they require different mitigation strategies even though they often come from the same source, such as a power plant? Answer : The fundamental difference lies in their **mechanism of harm** and the **scale of their impact**. Greenhouse gases cause a **global, long-term** problem by altering the Earth's ... compliance with local air quality laws but still be a significant environmental concern from a climate perspective....
The voltage across the 1 kilo Ohm resistor between the nodes A and B | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between electrical Power (kW) and electrical Energy (kWh), and why do industrial consumers get penalized for having a low Power Factor even if their energy consumption remains the same? Answer : This question touches on the fundamental economic and technical aspects of utilizing electrical energy. The answer lies in understanding what you are billed for versus what the utility company must actually ... strain on the grid, minimizes energy losses, and frees up capacity for other customers....
MCQ on Digital Electronics | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources, and why is the shift toward renewables important for sustainability? Answer : Renewable resources are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as solar, wind, hydro, and biomass energy. Non-renewable resources like coal, oil, and natural gas are finite ... that future generations have access to reliable energy sources without depleting the planet's natural reserves....
Electrical Machine DC motor gross torque example | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current)? Answer : Direct Current (DC): The flow of electric charge is in one constant direction. Sources include batteries, solar cells, and DC power supplies. It is mainly used in electronics, charging, ... because it can be easily transformed to higher or lower voltages using transformers, reducing energy loss....
TRIAC triggering circuit using DIAC | Electrical Engineering
What is the difference between a fundamental quantity and a derived quantity? Provide two examples of each. Answer : ### The Core Difference In simple terms, **fundamental quantities** are the basic building blocks of measurement. They are independent of each other and cannot be expressed in terms of other physical quantities. Think of them as the ... ** ($m^2$), **Speed** (m/s), **Force** (Newton or kg·m/s²) |...
AC Fundamental MCQ | Electrical Engineering
In C++, what is the fundamental problem that the virtual keyword solves when working with inheritance and pointers, and what is the practical difference in behavior when a base class function is declared with versus without it? Answer : The `virtual` keyword solves the critical problem of **static vs. dynamic binding**, enabling **runtime polymorphism**, which is arguably the most powerful feature of Object-Oriented Programming. In simple terms, `virtual` ... NOTE: No 'virtual' keyword here void draw() { std::cout ...
Phasor Analysis in AC circuit | Phasors Problem Solved Example | Electrical Engineering
In designing an IoT application, what are the key trade-offs between processing data in the Cloud versus at the Edge, and can you provide a real-world example where each approach is clearly superior? Answer : This question addresses the fundamental architectural choice of "where the thinking happens" in an IoT system. The decision between Cloud and Edge computing directly impacts an application's ... data analytics, and centralized device management. This combination provides the best of both worlds....
What is transformer in electrical engineering ? | Electrical Engineering
Two wires A and B are of the same metal and of same length have their areas of cross section in the ratio 2:1 if the same potential difference is applied across each wire in turn, what will be the ratio of current flowing in A & B ? Answer : The ratio of the current flowing in wire A to wire B is **2:1**. --- ### Detailed Explanation Let's break down the problem using the relevant physics principles. #### 1. List the Given ... resistance, which is wire A. Our result confirms this: the current in A is twice the current in B....
Linear algebra problem: Rank of a matrix | Electrical Engineering
Explain the difference between GSM and CDMA technologies in mobile communication.
Current Division Rule Solved Example (Easy Example) | Electrical Engineering
A set of n-identical resistors, each of resistance R ohm when connected in series have an effective resistance of X ohm and when the resistors are connected in parallel the effective resistance is Y ohm. Find the relation between R , X and Y ? Answer : Let's break this down step-by-step to find the relationship between R, X, and Y. ### 1. Resistors in Series When resistors are connected in series, their total effective resistance is the sum of ... the **geometric mean** of the total series resistance (X) and the total parallel resistance (Y)....
Thevenin's theorem solved example | Electrical Engineering
What are the key differences between a manager and a leader in an organization?
Linear and nonlinear device | Electrical Engineering
From a physics perspective, what makes a semiconductor like silicon fundamentally different from a conductor like copper or an insulator like glass, and how is this difference exploited to create the essential electronic component, the diode? Answer : The fundamental difference lies in the **electron energy band structure** of the materials, specifically the size of the **band gap**. This unique property of semiconductors allows us to precisely ... and off at will is the foundation of all digital logic and the entire modern electronics industry....
In the portion of a circuit shown, if the heat generated in 5Ω resistance | Electrical Engineering
In a Hall Effect experiment, a voltage is measured perpendicular to both the current flow and the magnetic field. What is the physical origin of this "Hall Voltage," and what two crucial properties of a semiconductor material can be determined by measuring it? Answer : The physical origin of the Hall Voltage is the **Lorentz force** acting on charge carriers as they move through a magnetic field. This simple experiment is profoundly important because it ... **carrier concentration `n`**, a fundamental parameter that dictates the material's electrical properties....
Find the conjugate of the complex number | Electrical Engineering
What is the multipath fading problem in wireless communication, and how does the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme elegantly solve this problem, which was a major limitation for previous generations of mobile technology? Answer : This question addresses the single most challenging physical problem in mobile communication and the ingenious solution that underpins virtually all modern broadband wireless standards. --- ### **Part 1: The Problem - Multipath Fading and ... **4G LTE, 5G NR, and modern Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi 4/5/6/7)**....
Design of IIR filter using approximation of derivatives 3 | Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Six lead-acid type of secondary cells each of emf 2.0 V and internal resistance 0.015 Ohm are joined in series to provide a supply to a resistance of 8.5 Ohm . What is the current drawn from the supply and its terminal voltage? Answer : ### Given Data: * Number of cells, **n = 6** * EMF of each cell, **E_cell = 2.0 V** * Internal resistance of each cell, **r_cell = 0.015 Ω** * External resistance (load), **R = 8.5 Ω ... The current drawn from the supply is **1.40 A**. * The terminal voltage of the supply is **11.9 V**....
What is the advantage of a three phase supply over a single phase supply | Electrical Engineering
A storage battery of emf 8.0 V and internal resistance 0.5 Ohm is being charged by a 120 V DC supply using a series resistor of 15.5 Ohm . What is the terminal voltage of the battery during charging? What is the purpose of having a series resistor in the charging circuit? Answer : ### Given Data: * Electromotive force (emf) of the battery, $E = 8.0 \text{ V}$ * Internal resistance of the battery, $r = 0.5 \text{ } \Omega$ * DC supply voltage, $V_{supply} = ... to a much safer and more manageable **7.0 A**, protecting both the battery and the power supply from damage....
Nodal Analysis AC Circuit Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis Electrical Engineering Find Current
Three resistors 1 Ohm , 2 Ohm and 3 Ohm are combined in series. What is the total resistance of the combination? Answer : When resistors are combined in series, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. The formula is: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 Given the values: * R1 = 1 Ω * R2 = 2 Ω * R3 = 3 Ω ... = 1 Ω + 2 Ω + 3 Ω = 6 Ω So, the total resistance of the combination is **6 Ohms**....
how to wire a 3-phase induction motor in two different configurations: Star and Delta
A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3 Ohm is connected to a resistor. If the current in the circuit is 0.5 A, what is the resistance of the resistor? What is the terminal voltage of the battery when the circuit is closed? Answer : ### Given Information: * **EMF of the battery (E):** 10 V * **Internal resistance (r):** 3 Ω * **Current in the circuit (I):** 0.5 A --- ### 1. What is the resistance of the ... text{V}$ Both methods give the same result. **Answer:** The terminal voltage of the battery is **8.5 V**....
Brain Teaser Puzzle : Take away two matchsticks to make the equation true | Electrical Engineering
Three identical cells, each of emf. 2V and unknown internal resistance are connected in parallel. This combination is connected to a 5 ohm resistor. If the terminal voltage across the cell is 1.5 volt. What is the internal resistance of each cell? Hence define the internal resistance of a cell? Answer : ### Part 1: Calculating the Internal Resistance Here's how we can find the internal resistance of each cell. **Given Data:** * Electromotive force (EMF) of each cell, E = 2 V * Number of identical cells ... . * **I** is the current flowing from the cell. * **r** is the internal resistance....
MCQ on DC Shunt motor | Electrical Engineering
In a potentiometer arrangement, a cell of emf 1.25V gives a balance point at 35.0cm length of the wire. If the cell is replaced by another cell and the balance point shifts to 63.0cm , what is the emf of the second cell? Answer : ### Principle The working principle of a potentiometer is that the potential drop across any portion of a wire of uniform cross-section is directly proportional to the length of that portion, provided a constant current flows ... 2.25 V** ### Answer The EMF of the second cell is **2.25 V**....
Alternating Voltage | Electrical Engineering
Explain the difference between a conductor, an insulator, and a semiconductor based on their energy band structure.
Inside a Circuit Breaker: A Step-by-Step | Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) | Electrical Engineering
Describe the difference between linear and non-linear programming optimization problems.
Processortechnology | Electrical and Electronics Engineering | Electrical Engineering
State the term “Phase” and “Phase difference” in case of alternating qualities. Answer : # Phase and Phase Difference in Alternating Current: Complete Guide ## What is Phase in AC Circuits? **Phase** in alternating current (AC) systems refers to the instantaneous ... between quantities of the same frequency. Different frequency components are analyzed separately in harmonic analysis....
Practice problem 3.3 Find v and i in the circuit of figure. | Electrical Engineering
What are the main differences between Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC)?
Mesh analysis 18 | Electrical Engineering
What is meant by "harmonics" in an electrical system and what problems can they cause?
Determine both the gain and the output voltage of op-amp | Operational Amplifier
What is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS), and why is it frequently used in embedded systems instead of a general-purpose operating system like Linux or Windows? Answer : The answer lies in one critical concept: **determinism**. While a general-purpose OS is designed for high throughput and fairness, an RTOS is designed for predictability and meeting strict timing deadlines. ... system where **failing to complete a task on time is considered a total system failure.**...
mesh analysis basic electrical engineering | Electrical Engineering
What is the function of a capacitor in an electronic circuit? Answer : To store electric energy when the circuit is closed and release the energy when circuit is opened ...
temperature measurement using RTD | Electrical Engineering
What is the purpose of grounding (earthing) in an electrical installation?
Thevenin’s Theorem Problems | 6 Solved Example Problem on Thevenin’s Theorem Equivalent Circuit
What is the role of a FACTS device like a STATCOM in a power transmission system?
Electric current formula | Electrical Engineering
What is the purpose of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm in signal processing?
R-L Series Circuit Analysis: Resistance, Inductance, Impedance, and Power Factor Calculation with Ex
What is the primary function of a circuit breaker in an electrical system? Answer : It Cuts the power off in any fault in the circuit such as overloading to protect appliances....
Thevenin's Theorem | Thevenin Equivalent Circuit (Easy Example) | Electrical Engineering
What is the function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a microprocessor?
Problem on eigen values property | Electrical Engineering
What is the purpose of a substation in an electrical power grid?
Operational Amplifiers 4 | Electrical Engineering
What is the purpose of the 'extrude' command in 3D CAD software?
L298 Motor Driver Module | Electrical Engineering
What is the function of a rectifier in a power supply?
MCQs on Circuit Breaker | Electrical Engineering
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